E2472 Cannot declare a member function via instantiation (C++)

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If a declaration within a template class acquires a function type through a type dependent on a template-parameter and this results in a declaration that does not use the syntactic form of a function declarator to have function type, the program is ill-formed. For example:

template<class T>
struct A {
static T t;
};
typedef int function();
A<function> a;// error: would declare A<function>::t
// as a static member function

Another example:

In the example below, the template member 'a' has type 'T'. If the template is instantiated with T as a function type, it implies that 'a' is therefore a member function. This is not allowed and the error message is displayed.

template<T& x> class foo { T a; }
int func(int);
template class foo<func>;